Hospitals have to have various departments for various disease control, prevention and treatment in order to manage the increasing number of different diseases and conditions. The world today has changed with so many diseases being found out and research done on them. Research on the many diseases and human body parts has lead to the development of appropriate diagnostic procedures using the new technology causing increase in the departments of the hospitals.
The different diseases have to be classified differently since so many have been identified and the professional physicians under each disease trained. An example is in cancer, there are so many types of cancers that need to be handled differently by the different specialists of the respective cancers. Since this is a large area in the medical field, in the hospital, a department of its own should be formed. There are other departments too that deal with different diseases and conditions.
They include Dermatology Department that deals with treatment and other health care procedures of the skin, Cardiology Department that involves health care services of the heart conditions, Oncology that involves services of the malignant conditions and cancerous patients, Pulmonary Department that offer health care services on lung diseases or conditions and treatment, and Orthopedics which offer health care services and treatment on musculo-skeletal problems, diseases and abnormal conditions (Skurka 116).
Other departments found, or always set up in a hospital are; Endocrinology Department that offer medical services on hormonal problems, Neurology that offer solution services to patients who have problems with the nervous system and related diseases due to malfunction of the nerves and neurons, Gynecology, Psychiatry, Rheumatology and so many other medical conditions (Skurka 116). This paper will discuss the following hospital departments; Neurology, Endocrinology, Oncology, Orthopedics, Pulmonary, Gastroenterology, Dermatology, Obstetrics, Cardiology and Gynecology. Dermatology Department
This department deals with the biology of the skin, the in vivo skin diseases that affect human, the skin disease mechanisms and caring for the skin disease patient. The department offer dermatology services on skin conditions that affect adults, women and children. The department is divided into four sections. The section that deals with skin conditions that affect babies and the mothers, the section of women and men adults, the children's section which deals with two years to seventeen years, and the section that everybody registers before being referred to a specific department (Sultz and Young 447).
Any hospital aims at providing expert skin care, with the services on surgical dermatology, aesthetics, cosmetic services and medical dermatology. The principal procedures in this department are therefore as the services reveal, cosmetic procedures, procedures on medical dermatology, surgical procedures and aesthetics. This department deals with different skin conditions and diseases. The most common in the hospital's department are skin cancers, ulcers, pruritis, psoriasis, eczema and others not mentioned (Sultz and Young 447).
Oncology Department This department deals with malignancies and cancerous growths. The hospital's cancer program include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, screening, surgery, hormone therapy, programs on cancer detection and services that offer support to the patients. Malignancies dealt with in this department are such as lung cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, and many others (Sultz and Young 449). Gastroenterology Department This is a digestive disease department.
It offers services on gastroenterologic care and on advanced endoscopic procedures. The services are offered by the professionals that the hospital employ to offer quality services. Hospital should not have any other physicians in this department apart from the gastroenterologists. Most common diseases experienced in this department are such as abdominal pains, colitis, gastroesophageal reflex, gallstones, Irritable bowel syndrome and pancreatitis (Skurka 119). Orthopedics Department
The hospital's department of orthopedics deals with muskuloskeletal conditions. The conditions that the hospital deals with mostly are osteoporosis, bone injuries, muscle injuries and ligament injuries as well as arthritis. The problem in the department though, is getting the accurate diagnoses which is as hard a feeling the pain due to musculoskeletal conditions (Skurka 120). The specific areas that the hospital deals with or offer services on are; sports medicine, Arthritis and Osteoporosis.
The hospital has specialty areas too which include shoulder services, spine services that offer a range of diagnosis and treatment based on spine infections that cause back pain, hip replacement services with minimal invasive surgical procedures and include recovery procedures too, foot and ankle services that deals with the treatment and diagnosis of pain and other conditions of the foot, ankle and ligaments of that area, and knee replacement services (Skurka 120). Common foot and ankle disorders dealt with are Bunion, deformities of the toes, strains and pains, fractures and foot care in diabetic patients.
Most problems of the muscular system experienced in the hospital are back pains due to spine problems, shoulder pain, problems of the knee due to fractures, pain and strains, and foot and ankle strains, fractures and pains. Conditions include Arthritis and Osteoporosis as well as injuries to the bones, muscles, tendons or ligaments (Skurka 120). Cardiology Department A hospital department that deals with the treatment and diagnosis of heart diseases and abnormal conditions. Heart diseases are such as coronary heart disease, heart attacks, Atheroma and many other heart conditions like heart blockages.
The professional physicians here are referred to as the cardiologists and have knowledge on the various heart diseases, how to treat, control heart diseases and conduct heart surgeries (Deutsch 217). Hospitals with this department therefore offer treatment, diagnostic and recovery services to patients. Cardiology departments have programs on how prevalence of heart attack can be detected and how a person highly prevalent can prevent being attacked. The department consists of a catheterization laboratory for evaluation of heart conditions.
The laboratory has evaluation equipments such as echocardiograms, stress test equipments and those of cardiac monitoring. It is in this evaluation laboratory that heart blockages and disturbances of the heart rhythm are diagnosed. Cardiology department also has the coronary care unit that offers intensive care for cardiac patients, and a rehabilitation program for cardiac patients too. Neurology Department Neurology department offer treatment, diagnostic services on diseases and conditions that affect the nervous system.
The diseases of the nervous system always affect the neck, arms, back, leg and the muscles. Most conditions treated by the neurologists in this department are; Stroke, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and epilepsy ((Skurka 122). Endocrinology Department This department deals with providing health care services to patients with abnormal hormone conditions. The department provides treatment, evaluation and diagnostic services. Hormonal diseases or conditions are always due to hormonal glands either producing too few or too much hormone not as the body requires (Deutsch 219).
The conditions are such as Addison's disease, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, Grave's disease, Cushing's syndrome, adrenal tumors and Conn's disease among many others (Deutsch 219). Diagnostic tests are done on evaluating the hormonal levels, function of the endocrine glands and to find out the cause of the problem. Examples of such procedures are, semen analysis, thyroid scan, bone density test, and dexamethasone suppression test. There are other procedures that can be in this department in used diagnosis like, the ACTH stimulation test, 24-hour urine collection test, CRH stimulation test among many others (Deutsch 219).
Al these evaluations are done by endocrinologists. Pulmonary Department This is a department of lung disease treatment and care. The person responsible for ensuring quality services in this department is the Pulmonologist, who is a qualified physician of diseases of the lung. Services offered in this department are such as bronchopulmonary hygiene, assessment of nutrition, ventilator management, emergency resuscitation and other non invasive lung treatments (Health Care Organizations 33).
The respiratory therapists perform the diagnostic procedures like the lung function studies, cardiopulmonary stress services, analysis and testing of arterial blood and gas, testing of the cardiopulmonary stress, and gastric reflux studies, among some other procedures that can be offered in other pulmonary departments in different hospitals (Health Care Organizations 33). Lung diseases that are always treated in hospitals include, Asthma, Bronchitis, Emphysema, Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, sleep disorders for example Insomnia, lung cancer and many others (Health Care Organizations 35).
Obstetrics and Gynecology Department This department offers services on the gynecology demands of women and reproductive health services. The services include: child birth classes, sibling classes, epidural C-sections, prenatal tours, classes on lactation, neonatal back transfers, contraceptive services, termination of pregnancy services and many other services on delivery and reproductive health. Babies are also offered intensive care when need arises. Some procedures mostly performed in this department are endoscopy, oncological surgeries and microsurgeries which are routine duties (Deutsch 225).
Conclusion Departments provide services according to the type of disease or condition being dealt with. The diagnostic procedures are dependent on the facilities which are also set up depending on the evaluation procedures' requirements of the different diseases. Different departments have different professionals who have to perform the diagnostic procedures and treat the patients in the various departments. This paper has discussed ten departments in a hospital and the services of each department including diagnostic procedures and the professional physicians of each department.
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